State natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy"
Address
186989, Russia, Kostomuksha, Priozernaja str., 2
Tel+fax: (814-59) 9-35-24
Through service by a train of Petrozavodsk - Kostomuksha, St-Petersburg-Kostomuksha (from the Finnish station).
Travel from railway station of. Kostomuksha by bus ¹4 up to a stop "Reserve"
E-mail kost.zap@karelia.ru
Strukture
State natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" - nature protection research
establishment, is legal person, is on independent balance, has account, in
volume number currency, in establishments of banks and stamp seal.
Sites of ground, its entrails and water space with all taking place in their limits natural
by objects are withdrawn from economic operation and are handed in free-of-charge, constant
usage to state reserve "Kostomukshskiy".
The state natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is in conducting State
Committee of Russian Federation on protection of an environment also is directly subordinated to Management
reserved business Goskomecologia Russian Federation.
The reserve is headed by the director and has in the structure 4 departments:
- Department of protection of reserved territory
- Department of ecological education, international cooperation and ecological tourism
- Scientific department
- Department of maintenance of the basic activity
The historical information
The state natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is created by the decision of ministerial Council
RSFSR N557 from December 14 1983 also is included in structure of the russia-finnish reserve
"Friendship" according to the intergovernmental russia-finnish Agreement on reserve
"Friendship" and on the basis of the order of ministerial Council of RSFSR from September 18 1991. N1036-p,
by the area of 47569 hectares in territory Kostomukshskiy gorsovet of republic Kareliya. September 18
1998 - state natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" was appropriated the Diploma of Europe Council
for 5 years for good safety of a biological variety in its territory.
Geographical coordinates.
From north (64035 ' N.latitude.), from east (30037 ' E.longitude)
From the south (64019 ' N.latitude.), from south - west and west (3002 ' E.longitude.)
Geologic structure and relief.
The reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is located on the boundary with Finland. Its territory
which extent from north on the south of 27 kms, from east on west is submitted by a uniform site
on southern and northern boundary 15 - 18 kms, in the central part of 27 kms. On reserve drives
watershed between the Baltic and White seas.
Kareliya is in a southeast part of the Baltic board. It is ancient prekembriy a platform. Rocks leaving
Here on a surface, have basically arhey and proterozoy age. These fundamental the soils on 86 % are covered with a thin cover of friable depositions (basically ice-age of an origin)
quarternary of age. The rocks have basically magmatic (granites, gabbro and diabase)
and metamorphic an origin (gneisses, shales.) < BR >
Geologic and tectonic the structure of the crystal base of a platform determines
the basic features of a relief of republic. The continental glaciers of a Quaternary have not changed
the basic features of a relief, and only have given original shape. The reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is located
on sloping hilly plain with general downturn of district from west on east. Its territory
has difficult, strongly dismembered hilly a relief formed by morena ridges and
by separate heights till 30-50 m. in height. In the central and southern part strongly crossed
the district dismembered by extended parallel ridges, combined from granite, absolute
which marks reach 250-300 meters above a sea level.
Between separate chains hill, the large number of lakes is located, is especial in northern part, and
swampy sites. About 12 % of territory borrow(occupy) bogs. Especially swampy northwest of reserve and south, where the areas
Separate bogs achieve 80-100 hectars.
All area carries traces of diastrophisms, as a result of which were formed basic
strike lines of the forms of a relief. A plenty tectonic of faults here is marked,
which beautiful canyons with rocky outputs) have become over with centuries-old woods. Is especially beautiful
Canyon " Stone Gate ".
Climate
The climate is characterized in the long soft winter both short and cool summer. Cool spring and
warm autumn are long. Of autumn are very typical large clouds and superfluous
Humidifying. The sums of summer daily average temperatures are higher +10 C degrees makes about 1000
Degrees. Duration of the frostless period 85-90 days. Average annual quantity of precipitations makes about 500 mm. The maximum quantity of precipitations drops out in the summer (twice more, than
in the winter). < BR >
The winter usually stands soft weather. Sharp coldness (up to - 30 With and is lower), are connected to approach
the Arctic anticyclone collector, seldom are long. For winter are characteristic often thaws,
connected with approach of the Atlantic cyclone collector. The second period of winter usually is more cold, than first
( second half of January - February).
The first snow drops out in October. The steady snow cover is formed usually in the beginning of November.
The winter long from 175 about 185 days, depth of a snow cover reaches(achieves) 70-80 see. In the winter
Western and southwest winds prevail.
The spring comes in the second decade of April - beginning of May. The beginning of spring considers transition average
daily temperature through 0 Ñ. Weather in the spring very unstable, the returns of colds are often.
The summer rather short begins in north of Kareliya with second half of June.
Duration about 2,5 months. At the end of June the sun does not come almost.
The ñyclonical activity in the summer weakens, but weather remains unstable. Prevailing winds in the summer and
In the spring - steady northeast. Sometimes territory of Kareliya is caught by northern wing of anticyclone collector which is settling down above the central areas of the European part of Russia. Then
The increase of temperatures up to +30 Ñ and above is possible. Prevailing winds of a summer: northeast.
The autumn begins at the end of August. The change of temperatures in the autumn occurs more slowly, than spring.
The returns of warm weather are possible. Second half of autumn is characterized by dull and rainy
weather.
Ground
The basic types of grounds in territory of reserve are illuvial-humus and
illuvial-ferriferous-humus, peatbog.
Flora & fauna
The territory of state natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is located in a natural zone
taiga of a subzone of northern taiga. Vegetation of northern taiga is rather poor kinds (about
400 kinds). < BR >
The wood area makes 30,7 th. hectares, that 64,7 % from territory of reserve is equaled.
Prevailing type of vegetation are the coniferous woods occupying about 99,7 % from
of the forest area. Basic forest breed is the pine - 83,7 % forest
areas, f ur-tree - 16 %, birch - 0,3 %. The plantings 120 years old and more - 84 % prevail, there are separate
plantings more than 300 years old.
The vegetation of bogs widespreads, prevail complex bogs,
which vegetation is less requiring to ground. The moss cover is submitted by green glues,
Forming frequently continuous carpet. In pine forest thick moss the cover is formed several
by kinds sfagnum. It is not enough of meadows and the species structure of a vegetative cover is poor.
In reserve 137 kinds of birds, 37 kinds of mammalias, 11 kinds of fishes, about 400 kinds are marked
Plants.
The fauna of Kareliya is rich and is various. It is submitted in the basic inhabitants average and
Northern taiga. In reserve "Kostomukshskiy", as well as in all Northern Kareliya, are distributed
Northen-taiga kinds mammalias. Pride of reserve is wood northern deer,
Becoming a rarity for Kareliya.
White partridge, hazel grouse - are most typical from birds.
In the first level of a wood meet hare, lamb. From predators are widely submitted the fox, brown bear, wolf, lynx.
Among the wood inhabitants living on trees, it is necessary to note to fiber. From predators it is wide
Are distributed marten, ermine, caress.
In the top levels of a wood there are a lot of birds.
Among animal reservoirs both bogs the fishes and bird are most widely submitted. Less mammalia.
From mammalia are wide-spread ondatra, otter. Became customary, again appeared recently in
Kareliyas, beaver. The reservoirs of reserve are populated Canadian beaver. From of birds most
the ducks.Tere are sandpipper on the bogs.
In lakes and rivers there is a lot of various fish: a pike, perch, burbot etc. From salmon - sig,
harius, a "kamennoozerskaya" population of the salmon.
Activity
The protection of territory of State natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is carried out
by the state inspectors. In middle 90 years was carried out reform of a department of protection, in
result were organized operative group and cordon service, that has allowed to raise
efficiency of protection of reserved territory and to maintain in a serviceable condition state
the property in territory of reserve. Due to improvement of professional skill state
the inspectors the spectrum of the control was extended: except for suppression of failures nature protection
the legislations the separate citizens, under attention of the inspectors began to get and activity
various objects located on territory of reserve, and near to reserve. It
has allowed to lower pollution of lake Kamennoe and to raise the responsibility of the chiefs these
objects for observance of the nature protection legislation.
The joint research operations will be carried out(spent) under the two-years programs. In performance
These operations from the Russian party the institutes of the Karelian Centre of science of Russian academy of science take part,
the teachers and students of various HIGH SCHOOLS, representatives of public organizations of Russia and
the employees of reserve, from the Finnish party - employees of universities of cities Oulu, Turku,
Helsinki.
The research activity in state reserve "Kostomukshskiy", will be carried out
by stationary, all-the-year-round, long-term, complex researches also is directed on
analysis of natural complexes and long-term tracking for dynamics of natural processes, with
the purpose of an estimation of the forecast of an ecological situation, mining of scientific bases of protection of a nature,
preservations of a biological variety of biosphere, reproduction and rational
uses of natural resources.
Research operation of reserve "Friendship" coordinates Mixed russian-finnish
Commission on cooperation in the field of protection of an environment.
The mixed commission accepts the Plan of scientific researches and measures of reserve "Friendship",
developed by working group on protected natural territories and rare kinds fauna and
flora.
The plan of scientific researches of reserve "Kostomukshskiy" affirms and is provided
by financing Goskoekologia of Russian Federation.
The research activity in reserve will be carried out:
by the regular employees by the plans of research operations;
by research establishments and higher educational institutions appropriate
structure on a contract basis on common with reserve programs, coordinated with
Goskoekologia of Russian Federation.
On the basis of materials assembled partners by the international program, scientific department
Reserve annually forms " the Annals of a nature ".
In 1994 in our reserve the department of ecological education, international was created
Cooperation and ecological tourism. The activity of a department can be considered from three parties.
On the one hand is ecological education, with another - international cooperation, with
By third - ecological tourism.
Ecological education - important direction of activity of reserve "Kostomukshskiy".
Mining of the program of ecological education " Kareliya. Reserve. The people " has determined
strategy of development of a department. From 1996 reserves conducts the annual urban ecological programs
" Day of the Earth and March of Parks ". The participants of these programs became the pupils of all schools of city,
Preschool educational institutions, establishments of additional education. As a result of this
The operation with schools, children's gardens was put on more high level. Also by employees
Department the exhibitions, conferences, seminars, expedition etc. Operation of a department will be carried out competitions
Is directed both on the schoolboys, and on the teachers. Cooperation with educational bodies of city
Helps in organization of ecological measures, and also forms positive relation to
to reserve on the part of bodies of authority of city.
On the basis of reserve the separation of public ecological-educational organization is created
The ecological Centre "Reserves" - public organization "ELOS".
The reserve "Kostomukshskiy" is the member of Association of reserves and national parks
Northwest of Russia.
1994 the reserve actively participates in search of the finance for development of the activity,
Due to what, were won and the following grants are received:
1995 - grant from fund "Eurasia" on reform of management in state organization.
In 1997-98ãã. at financial support of the European Union (fund "Life"), at active participation
The Green Peace of Russia, was executed the project of expansion of territory of reserve and creation by its security
Zones.
1996 - grant from a Service a Fish and Game (USA) on support of protection of reserve.
1997 - grant of Global Ecological Fund for realization 3 year programs
The modelling school project.
1999 - grant from a Service a Fish and Game (USA) for reconstruction of heating system
Office buildings of reserve.
The reserve repeatedly received for this period the financial help from funds of a various level:
Cities Kostomuksha, Republic Kareliya, Russian Federation.
Now there is an operation on organization in reserve of working group under the program the BIOTEST
" Health of environment ".
The international cooperation
Being by the Russian part of the international reserve "Friendship" reserve "Kostomukshskiy"
actively cooperates with the Finnish colleagues in the field of ecological education. Contracts about
Cooperation with each year there are everyone is wider and more completely. The basic directions of activity
Include exchanges of the schoolboys, participation of Finnish children in the urban annual program " Day
The Earth ", and also in competitions of figures, hand-made articles and etc. Together with the Finnish colleagues will be carried out
seminars and meetings for the teachers of two countries. Is in common prepared information booklet about
The international reserve "Friendship". Are issued two collections of children's ecological fairy tales with
By participation of children of both countries. The third collection of children's verses, figures prepares for printing.
Ecological tourism
Reserve "Kostomukshskiy", in one of first in Russia, beginnings to be engaged by ecological tourism,
In reserve 7 ecological routes are created. Purpose of creation of ecological routes on
Territories of reserve - organization of propagation of ecological knowledge by means of dialogue of the people
With a nature and simultaneous acquaintance to principles of its(her) protection.
Ecological routes on territory of natural reserve "Kostomukshskiy" are subdivided on
Some categories: constantly working; working short time; temporary
(single) routes
Route N1 ("The Track of Lenrot")
The given route is organized with the purpose of acquaintance of the Russian and foreign citizens, pupils and
The students with a nature of reserve, with science reseach, spent by its employees, propagandizes ideas
Protection of a nature. Extent of a route of 7,5 kms. Passage on foot in support of the guide by groups
No more than 10 men within one day, without cultivation of chocks, tax of mushrooms, berries and
Collections, by a principle: that has brought - carry away with itself.
Route N2
The given route is organized with the purpose of acquaintance of the Russian and foreign
citizens, pupils and the students with a nature of reserve, with science reseach, spent by its
employees, propagandizes ideas protection of a nature. Extent of a route of 7,5 kms. Passage by
foot in support of the guide by groups. No more than 10 men within one day, without cultivation
of chocks, tax of mushrooms, berries and collections, by a principle: that has brought - carry
away with itself.
Route N3
The given route is organized with the purpose of acquaintance of the Russian and foreign citizens to a nature
Reserve, from it flora and fauna, assumes visiting a number of picturesque objects on it
territories. The passage on a security zone of reserve, in which is supposed determined
economic use, will allow the tourists better to estimate recreational opportunities of a nature.
Is intended for the physically prepared fans of a nature.
multidays a foot route by common extent of 90 kms. For the prepared tourists. On
All stages passing the night in log huts and number in tents, on the specially allocated places.
Preparation of food only on sentry camps. On route is possible fishing in
To security zone. Maximal number in group 8 men, maximum quantity of groups for
Season - 12.
Route N4 WINTER (ski)
The given route is organized with the purpose of acquaintance of the Russian and foreign
citizens to a nature Reserve, propagandizes the careful attitude(relation) to it. All passing
the night in small huts and cordodes.
Extent of a route - 52 kms.
Duration - 2 - 8 days.
The maximal number of group - 12 men, maximum quantity of groups for a season 10 groups.
Seasonal prevalence - December - April. Support on a route by the employee of reserve.
Route N5 WATER "On runosingers places and old settlements on Lake Kamennoe"
The route N 5 is organized with the purpose of acquaintance with beautiful natural objects of reserve,
by places of old settlements, where drove a way known runo singer Lenrott, written the famous
epos "Kalevala".
Extent of a route - 35 kms.
Duration - 3-8 days.
Seasonal prevalence - 15.05-30.09.
Means of movement - water transport: rowing and sailing. The passage of a route can
to vary depending on a direction of a wind.
Places passing the nights: the area - 0,2 hectares, equipped camp fire, a camp fire accessory, a seat from logs or boards, equal
sites of district (platform for installation of tents) toilet. All dust is burnt, fireproof
Dust the tourists take away with themselves. The maximal number of group - 12 men, maximal
Quantity(amount) of groups on a route for a season - 12 groups.
Seasonal prevalence: May - September. Support by the employee of reserve.
Route N6 water
Is organized with the purpose of acquaintance with beautiful natural objects of reserve, old
settlements on lake Luvozero and lake Kimasozero.
Maximal number of group - 12 men, maximum quantity of groups on route for
Season - 12 groups.
Seasonal prevalence: May - September. Support by the worker of reserve.
Route ¹7 (ski) on snowmobiles Kostomuksha-Finland.
The route is organized with the purpose of acquaintance with beautiful natural objects of reserve,
Propagation of ecological tourism and active forms of rest.
Duration - 1 day.
Extent - 28 kms.
Means of movement - snowmobiles and ski.
Seasonal prevalence: December - April